How to prevent DoS attacks and what to do if they happen

<p>A denial-of-service attack is a cyberattack that aims to make key systems or services unavailable to users, usually by overwhelming them with traffic or malicious requests. DoS attacks bombard the target with such massive amounts of data that systems become unable to process legitimate requests and stop functioning.</p>
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<p>The most common form of DoS attack is distributed denial of service (DDoS), which sends network traffic from a large number of devices with different IP addresses, making the attack source difficult to filter or block. These attacks often use <a href=”https://www.techtarget.com/searchsecurity/definition/botnet”>botnets</a>, networks of hijacked computers or IoT devices. For example, the notorious <a href=”https://www.cybersecuritydive.com/news/us-takedown-china-botnet/727501/”>Mirai botnet and its successors</a> have enlisted thousands of compromised devices — including CCTV cameras, home routers and baby monitors — which threat actors have used to launch massive DDoS attacks.</p>
<p><b>Editor’s note: </b><i>For the purposes of this article, we consider a DDoS attack a type of DoS attack. Note, however, that some experts argue a true DoS attack has only one malicious source, with a single system attacking a single system. Defenders could mitigate such an attack relatively easily by identifying and blocking traffic from the relevant IP address. </i></p>
<p><i>In contrast, a DDoS attack involves traffic from many sources, with multiple systems bombarding the target. DDoS attacks are more challenging to prevent and stop than single-source DoS attacks, because they involve many more malicious IP addresses. </i></p>
<section class=”section main-article-chapter” data-menu-title=”Types of DoS attacks”>
<h2 class=”section-title”><i class=”icon” data-icon=”1″></i>Types of DoS attacks</h2>
<p>DoS attacks fall into the following three categories:</p>
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<li><b>Volumetric attacks.</b> Target network infrastructure, such as firewalls and routers, with vast amounts of

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