Lessons Learned From Massive npm Supply Chain Attack Using “Shai-Hulud” Self-Replicating Malware

The JavaScript ecosystem experienced one of its most sophisticated and damaging supply chain attacks in September 2025, when a novel self-replicating worm dubbed “Shai-Hulud” compromised over 477 npm packages, marking the first successful automated propagation campaign in the npm registry’s history. This attack represents a significant evolution in supply chain threats, leveraging both social engineering and […]

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